PRELIMINARY SURVEY AND CHECKLIST OF SPIDER DIVERSITY IN KOLLAM DISTRICT, KERALA, INDIA

Abstract

Spiders (Order: Araneae) are vital ecological agents that help regulate insect populations and maintain ecosystem balance. Although spider diversity has been extensively studied across India, district-level evaluations remain scarce. This study investigates the diversity of spiders in Kollam district, Kerala, through field surveys conducted between August 2019 and March 2020. A total of 24 species representing 11 families were recorded, with Salticidae exhibiting the highest species richness (10 species), likely due to their high adaptability, active hunting behavior, and presence across varied microhabitats. Observations revealed variations in habitat preferences, web-building behavior, and distribution across agroecosystems, grasslands, and human settlements. The findings emphasize the ecological importance of spiders and the threats posed by habitat loss and human activity. As bioindicators, conserving spider populations is crucial for ecological stability. This study advocates for protecting rural and suburban habitats to support spider diversity and associated fauna.